Aivazova, N., (2013), “Role of Apprenticeships in Combating Youth Unemployment in Europe and the United States”, Peterson Institute for International Economics Policy Brief, N. 13-20. Many of the world’s advanced economies continue to struggle with sluggish growth and high unemployment, especially among younger workers. One reason for high unemployment in countries such as Greece, Portugal, and Spain is a mismatch between the skills demanded by employers and those available among the population. …Read More

Roaf, J., (2013), “Assessing the Impact and Phasing of Multi-year Fiscal Adjustment: A General Framework”, IMF Working Paper, N.,13/182. This paper provides a general framework to assess the output and debt dynamics of an economy undertaking multi-year fiscal adjustment. The framework allows country-specific assumptions about the magnitude and persistence of fiscal multipliers, hysteresis effects, and endogenous financing costs. In addition to informing macro projections, the framework can also shed light on the …Read More

OECD, (2013), Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, 19 July. Taxation is at the core of countries’ sovereignty, but in recent years, multinational companies have avoided taxation in their home countries by pushing activities abroad to low or no tax jurisdictions.  The G20 asked OECD to address this growing problem by creating this action plan to address base erosion and profit shifting. This plan identifies a series of domestic and …Read More