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How the Fed Just Reduced Inequality

Friedman, Alexander, (2015), “How the Fed Just Reduced Inequality”, Project Syndicate, 16 December The US Federal Reserve has finally done it, raising interest rates for the first time in almost a decade. The ramifications for interest-rate spreads, emerging-market equities, and housing demand, among much else, are the subject of widespread debate. But, as markets learn to cope with a less accommodative monetary policy, there could be an important silver lining, …Read More

Matching research and innovation policies in EU countries

Veugelers, Reinhilde, (2015), “Matching research and innovation policies in EU countries”, Bruegel publications, 22 December Europe has lofty ambitions for building a socially and environmentally sustainable future on the basis of growth and prosperity through innovation. Despite these policies and pronouncements, Europe’s performance on innovation remains weak. In this context, Rienhilde Veugelers assesses whether the deployment of innovation policy instruments in EU countries matches their innovation capacity performance relative to …Read More

Will the Single Resolution Fund be a ‘baby tiger’ during the transition?

Gros, Daniel, Pieter de Groen, Willem, (2015), “Will the Single Resolution Fund be a ‘baby tiger’ during the transition?”, Ceps publications, 17 December Even during its early years, the Single Resolution Fund (SRF) should be sufficient to deal with almost any crisis scenario imaginable. The funding for the SRF will be built up only gradually over the coming decade, however, and there is thus a legitimate concern that it will …Read More

Non-performing loans in Italy and selected European countries

Berger, Bennet, (2015), “Non-performing loans in Italy and selected European countries”, Bruegel publications, 18 December Fears of a banking crisis in Italy are surfacing after four small Italian banks were rescued in November.The rescue plan involves transferring the banks’ bad loans to a single bad bank. Non-performing loans (NPLs), loans in default or close to being in default, continue to raise doubts about the health of the banking sector in …Read More

Re-examining the Middle Income Trap Hypothesis: What to Reject and What to Revive?

Han, Xuehui, Wei, Shang-Jin, (2015), “Re-examining the Middle Income Trap Hypothesis: What to Reject and What to Revive?”, Centre for Economic Policy Research, December. Do middle-income countries face difficult challenges producing consistent growth? Using transition matrix analysis, we can easily reject any unconditional notion of a “middle-income trap” in the data. However, countries have different fundamentals and policies. Using a non-parametric classification technique, we search for variables that separate fast- and slow-growing countries. For …Read More

Crisis Program Review

Gottlieb, Geoff, N’Diaye, Papa, et al., (2015),“Crisis Program Review”, IMF, 9 November. This paper provides an updated review of Fund-supported programs undertaken during the global financial crisis. It follows a series of previous reviews during 2009–12 that assessed program design and outcomes during the surge in Fund supported programs since 2008. The review covers experience during 2008–15 for 32 arrangements financed from the Fund’s general resources account (GRA). It covers 27 countries for which …Read More

European Public Finances and the Great Recession: France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom Compared

Bozio, Antoine, Emmerson, Carl, Peichl, Andreas, Tetlow, Gemma, (2015), “European Public Finances and the Great Recession: France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom Compared”,   Institute for Fiscal Studies, Volume 36, Issue 4, 2015. We compare economic trends over the financial crisis, and the tax and benefit reforms implemented in response, across six EU countries. Countries where the crisisled to a relatively greater increase in public spending than a decline in tax …Read More

Debt Maturity : Does It Matter for Fiscal Space?

Kim, Jun Il, (2015), “Debt Maturity : Does It Matter for Fiscal Space?”, IMF Papers, 9 December. This paper examines how debt maturity affects the debt limit, defined as the maximum amount of debt a government can afford without defaulting. We develop a model where investors are risk neutral, the primary balance is stochastic but exogenous, and default occurs solely due to the government’s inability to pay. We find that debt …Read More

Financial regulatory transparency: new data and implications for EU policy

Copelovitch, Mark, Gandrud, Christopher, Hallerberg, Mark, (2015), “Financial regulatory transparency: new data and implications for EU policy”, Bruguel Publications, Issue 2015/20, 10 December. This paper introduces a new international financial regulatory data transparency index – the Financial Regulatory Transparency (FRT) Index – in order to address the exisiting gap in measuring regulatory transparency. Relevant Posts Gandrud, Christopher, Hallerberg, Mark, (2015), “Does Banking Union Worsen the EU’s Democratic Deficit? The Need for Greater Supervisory Data Transparency”, Journal …Read More

Countries under Adjustment Programmes: What role for the ECB?

Gros, Daniel, (2015), “Countries under Adjustment Programmes: What role for the ECB?”, CEPS, 10 December. Providing ‘technical assistance/advice’ on programmes for countries under financial stress is well within the mandate of the European Central Bank (ECB). Being fully part of the Troika, however, is a different role. Formally the ECB does not participate in the ‘decision-making’ on programmes (decisions are taken by the Finance Ministers – and the IMF). However, the …Read More